2 Timothy 1:15 This you know, that all who are in Asia turned away from me; of whom are Phygelus and Hermogenes. In many places the cult of the emperor was established in the most important shrine of the neighborhood; the god-emperor succeeded to or shared the sanctity of the older god, Grecized as Zeus, Apollo, etc. In the 1st century Latin was the official language in the colonies; it never ousted Greek in general usage, and Greek soon replaced it in official documents. Full Article. Your email address will not be published. Acts 16:6 When they had gone through the region of Phrygia and Galatia, they were forbidden by the Holy Spirit to speak the word in Asia. Antioch on the Orontes. The Romans regained control of the province. Even more dangerous enemies emerged before Heraclius could celebrate his victories. Considered as the oldest temple in the world, Gobekli Tepe proved once again how deep the culture of Anatolia is. It was a center of trade, commerce, idolatry, and cultural beauty. Magistracies were elective; rich men in the same city vied with each other, and city vied with city, in erecting magnificent public buildings, in founding schools and promoting education, in furthering all that western nations mean by civilization. Several of these cities were "founded" by the Seleucids and Attalids; this sometimes meant a new foundation, more often the establishment of Greek city-government in an older city, with an addition of new inhabitants. Ancient Greek colonization began at an early date, during the so-called Geometric period of about 900 to 700 B.C. We have explained the history of Asia Minor on Anatolia maps under eight headings. With a diameter of 154.32 m, the theater in the lower city of Pergamon was also the largest compared to other ancient theaters in Asia Minor, such as in Smyrna (150 m), Ephesus (140 m), Miletus (125 m), Side (119 m), Aizanoi . With the oriental absolutism of the native system, the organization of the Greek and Roman cities was in sharp contrast. One of the main factors in this process was the foundation over inner Asia Minor of Roman colonies, which were "bits of Rome" set down in the provinces. The Hittites themselves referred to the land as Assuwa (or, earlier, Aswiya) which actually only designated the area around the delta of the river Cayster but came to be applied to the entire region. Please support World History Encyclopedia. Scholars agree that a Neolithic settlement was located near the Peirene Spring from about 4,000 BCE. The new religion is proved by Pliny's correspondence with Trajan (111-13 AD) to have been firmly established in Bithynia early in the 2nd century. The struggle of Byzantium with the Persians in the East and the barbarian tribes in the West lasted for 300 years and only subsided during the reign of Emperor Heraclius. But Istanbul is still the economic capital of Turkey. Turkish control increased in the region until 1299 CE when Asia Minor became part of the Ottoman Empire and, after its collapse, became Turkey. For example, Amasya (Amasis), Konya (Iconium), Antakya (Antioch), Trabzon (Trebizond). Please note that some of these recommendations are listed under our old name, Ancient History Encyclopedia. The Byzantine Empire inherited a great feud from Rome. ; inscriptions record dedications made to the god and to the emperor jointly. In the second millennium B.C. The advice in these letters is prophetic, forewarning present-day Christian communities of the snares that . Answering roughly to the above-mentioned separation of Asia Minor into two countries, and to its characterization as the meeting-place of East and West, we can detach from among a medley of races and institutions two main coexistent social systems, which we may call the native system, and the Hellenistic system. The history of Asia consists almost entirely of the history of its important cities, which were Adramyttium, Assos, Cnidus, Ephesus, Laodicea, Miletus, Pergamos, Philadelphia, Sardis, Smyrna, Thyatira, Troas, etc.E. Greek colonists, mainly from Athens and surrounding Attica, settled the coastline of Asia Minor from the Mediterranean up to the Black Sea. Its first capital was Pergamos, the old capital of Mysia, but in the time of Augustus, when Asia had become the most wealthy province of the Empire, the seat of the government was transferred to Ephesus. & F. 1851 1:4 435 200 Asie Mineure ancienne. Aquila and Priscilla greet you much in the Lord, together with the assembly that is in their house. A procurator (who was probably the chief priest of the local temple) managed the estate as the emperor's representative. The name derives from the fact that this area was . Seleucia Pieria. Merhaba Murat Bey, evet haklsnz Ege klimi diye bir ey yok. In the course of time the people on the imperial estates tended to pass into a condition of serfdom; but occasionally an emperor raised the whole or part of an estate to the rank of a city. This map gives the reader a sense of the location of the Churches that were addressed in the book of Revelation. When Christianity, which became the imperial religion, was added to this formula, the most important empire of the Middle Ages emerged. All Rights Reserved (2015-2023) - By Serhat Engul. The Hellenistic System:Much of inner Asia Minor must originally have been governed on theocratic system; but the Greek city-state gradually encroached on the territory and privileges of the ancient temple. The Ottomans, who were founded around Iznik and Bursa, then captured Edirne (Adrianople) and Istanbul (Constantinople) respectively and became a serious power. The Seleucid kings and later the Roman emperors, according to a highly probable view, became heirs to the property of the dispossessed priests (a case is attested at Pisidian Antioch); and it was out of the territory originally belonging to the temples that grants of land to the new Seleucid and Roman foundations were made. The center of the native community was the temple of the god, with its great corporation of priests living on the temple revenues, and its people, who were the servants of the god (hierodouloi; compare Paul's expression, "servant of God"), and worked on the temple estates. The Sea Peoples did not remain to colonize the area, however (at least not to any important degree) and eventually moved on to settle, in part, to the south in Canaan. 550-530 BCE) and claimed to be the happiest man in the world until his defeat and capture by the Persians. The %3 of Turkey is settled on Europe (Balkans). 4. Maps are essential for any serious Bible study. In Gordium, capital of Phrygia, he is claimed to have famously cut the Gordian Knot which the oracles claimed meant Alexander would be king of Asia. The Population:The partition of Asia Minor into Roman provinces did not correspond to its ethnological divisions, and even those divisions were not always clearly marked. Acts 27:2 Embarking in a ship of Adramyttium, which was about to sail to places on the coast of Asia, we put to sea; Aristarchus, a Macedonian of Thessalonica, being with us. The History of the Ancient World: From the Earliest Accounts to the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. World History Encyclopedia. The word bears two senses in ancient history and geography. Smyrna. Hello Paul, you can use the images. The interdisciplinary program includes course options from more than 10 departments. Sumela Monastery is the most important historical place to see in Trabzon. Cilicia included the city of Tarsus where the Apostle Paul was born, a region known for its expertise in tent making, which was Paul's vocation. Evidence is found in Joel (4:4-6) which apparently refers to slave traders of the Phoenician coastal cities. Maps shows the journeys of Saint Paul. Our collection of maps are simple and they are free. The physician Galen (l. 129-216 CE) was born at Pergamon and personally tended to the health of the Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius. 3. We contribute a share of our revenue to remove carbon from the atmosphere and we offset our team's carbon footprint. For instance, the central region experiences a continental climate with hot summers and cold winters with snow and receives low and irregular precipitation. Phrygia was the mythological birthplace of Rhea, the Greek Mother of the Gods and the City of Troy was made famous in Homer's 8th-century BCE works the Iliad and the Odyssey. First-Century Asia Minor. It was not until 129 B.C. ; inscriptions record dedications made to the god and to the emperor jointly. Sign up for our free weekly email newsletter! Ancient Greece: From Prehistoric to Hellenistic Times. Christianity in Asia Minor.Already in Paul's lifetime, Christianity had established itself firmly in many of the greater centers of Greek-Roman culture in Asia and Galatia. The peninsula stretches west from Asia to Europe. A procurator (who was probably the chief priest of the local temple) managed the estate as the emperor's representative. In this state of things Paul entered the country; and wherever education had already been diffused, he found converts ready and eager." Acts 21:27 When the seven days were almost completed, the Jews from Asia, when they saw him in the temple, stirred up all the multitude and laid hands on him. Asia Minor. It is also basically to the north of Greece. For only $5 per month you can become a member and support our mission to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. I owned a holiday villa in Didim for 8 years and recently worked with the Turkish Ministry of Justice for 21 months. (2018, May 04). Map of the weather in Turkey shows us that there are 4 different climates in seven regions of Turkey. Although there were a faithful few, most people in the Sardis church were spiritually dead and dying. Now, lets continue to share some useful information about Turkey on the images below. Most of them were taken from old books or edited by volunteers in paint and made available to history lovers. Asia in the International Standard Encyclopedia (Read Full Article). Map of the 7 Churches of Revelation (Asia Minor) Bible History Images and Resources for Biblical History. Asia Minor is an important route for migratory birds, especially in spring and autumn. 484-425/413 BCE), the 'Father of History' was born at Halicarnassus. The Turkish liberation army had to fight for four years between 1919 and 1923 to save Anatolia from occupation. It was one of the richest and most powerful cities of that region, and was frequented by great numbers of Jews. Asia Minor has an area of about 291,773 square miles, an average length, and breadth of about 650 and 300 miles respectively. (orient). Student will gain a larger understanding of the African merican experience through the broader lens of the African diaspora. Such women afterward married in their own rank, and incurred no disgrace. Matthew 28:18-20 - "And Jesus came and spake unto them, saying, All power is given unto me in heaven and in earth. It is exceedingly difficult to determine the exact boundaries of the several countries which later constituted the Roman province, for they seem to have been somewhat vague to the ancients themselves, and were constantly shifting; it is therefore impossible to trace the exact borders of the province of Asia. Ruins of churches belonging to the Byzantine period are found all over the peninsula; they are especially numerous in the central and eastern districts. About 95% of Turkeys land is in Asia Minor. 1. H. Asia Minor is bordered by the Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea, the Aegean Sea, the Sea of Marmara and the Armenian highlands to the north, south, west, northwest and east respectively. Ancient Asia Minor is a geographic region located in the south-western part of Asia comprising most of present-day Turkey. However, in 1204, Constantinople itself became the target of the Crusaders. Some of the animals in the region include the Mediterranean monk seal, the northern bald ibis, the white-headed duck, the red-breasted goose, the great bustard and the eastern imperial eagle. And ye are witnesses of these things. 500 BCE), another important figure of Greek philosophy, at Ephesus, where he lived and wrote. The Asia Paul is referring to is neither the continent of Asia as we know it today nor "Asia Minor," which refers to about 2/3 of what is Turkey today, less its southeastern 30% and northwestern tip. The Hayasa-Azzi were an indigenous Bronze Age tribal confederation Thales of Miletus (l. c. 585 BCE) is traditionally regarded as Herodotus narrative on Lydia takes up almost one half of Book Lycia is a mountainous region in south-west Anatolia (also known Lydia was a region of western Asia Minor which prospered due to Anatolia: Hatti, Phrygia, Urartu, Hurri, Mitanni, Map of Ancient Greece and the Coast of Asia Minor, Oriental Religions in Roman Paganism: III. Asia Minor also referred to as Anatolia or the Anatolian plateau is the westernmost protrusion of the Asia which comprises mainly of modern day Turkey. Incomparably northern part of Turkey has Black Sea Climate which is similar to that of Great Britain. Books First, in lists of place names, it is clearly associated with places in what today we call Turkey. Lydia's borders are difficult to define accurately. The earliest reference to the region comes from tablets of the Akkadian Dynasty (2334-2083 BCE) where it was known as The Land of the Hatti and was inhabited by the Hittites. The Black Sea region is the most forested area with a steep coast and narrow valleys due to the increased mountain ridges. Asia Minor (also known as Anatolia) is modern-day Turkey. Greet Epaenetus, my beloved, who is the first fruits of Achaia to Christ. In this regard do I need a licence to use the content on your website, such as maps. You can read how Cappadocia opened a new era in Christianity from this article titled monastic life in Cappadocia. ), which embraced the regions of Mysia, Lydia, Caria, and Phrygia (see Rom 16:5; II Tim 1:15; Acts 1:4). During New Testament times, the population is estimated to have The ancient inhabitants of Asia Minor spoke the Anatolian language which is now extinct and were replaced by the Greek language starting from the classical antiquity and during the Hellenistic, Roman, and the Byzantine periods. The great persecutions, as is proved by literary evidence and by many inscriptions, raged with especial severity in Asia Minor. Seljuks who won the Battle of Manzikert captured Eastern and Central Anatolia. Mark, J. J. Asia, the world's largest and most diverse continent. "In the country generally a higher type of society was maintained; whereas at the great temples the primitive social system was kept up as a religious duty incumbent on the class called Hieroi during their regular periods of service at the temple. The World as known to the Ancient Hebrews . These inhabitants were often Jews whom the Seleucids found trusty colonists: the Jews of Antioch in Pisidia (Acts 13:14 ff) probably belong to this class. Asia Minor boasted some of the most famous people, places & events in ancient history. Picture Study Bible - StudyBible with Pictures and Maps. Thank you for your help! Paul's Letters. The evangelization of Ephesus, the capital of the province Asia, and the terminus of one of the great routes leading along the peninsula, contributed largely to the spread of Christianity in the inland parts of the province, and especially in Phrygia. World History Encyclopedia. The 3rd century CE saw Asia Minor experience a taste of the chaos visited upon other parts of the Roman empire by Germanic . Library of Celsus, EphesusMark Cartwright (CC BY-NC-SA). Map of the cities in Turkey shows us the metropolitan cities of Anatolia in bold letters. Asia Minor is considered as one of the important regions where the evolution of human who settled in the region during the Palaeolithic and Neolithic periods. Picture Study Bible - StudyBible with Pictures and Maps. Answering roughly to the above-mentioned separation of Asia Minor into two countries, and to its characterization as the meeting-place of East and West, we can detach from among a medley of races and institutions two main coexistent social systems, which we may call the native system, and the Hellenistic system. Anatolia has hosted many civilizations throughout history. Acknowledgements Note on Transliteration List of Maps . If you want to join a private guided tour in Istanbul, you can check out my references and tours from ABOUT page. Artist's impression of Alexander's Companion cavalry crossing the Granicus river, by Peter Connoly, via . The southeastern and eastern border of Asia Minor is the current border of Turkey with neighboring Armenia, Iran, Iraq, Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Syria. First Century Israel Map - Jacob A. Clayton spent 15 years as a Marine Corps Infantry Officer solving a wide range of technical, operational, and leadership challenges in dynamic foreign contexts and bureaucratic . Anatolia maps will be useful for those planning a trip to Turkey. The Black Sea borders it to the north, the Aegean Sea to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. Interactive map of the seven churches in Revelation. A detailed historical map on 4 sheets . Anatolia and Asia Minor Maps By Serhat Engul, Filed Under: ABOUT TURKEY, HISTORY Tagged With: Turkey. Mark, Joshua J.. "Asia Minor." Cite This Work The map includes the principal cities of Asia. Because you can trace the facts about the history of Anatolia described in this article by visiting museums and historical sites in Turkey. Some of these places have had more than one name in history. Numerous educational institutions recommend us, including Oxford University. In the earlier centuries of the Roman Empire these cities enjoyed a liberal measure of self-government. The traces of this hybrid culture can still be seen in Anatolia. It combined the theocratic form of government with institutions derived from a preexistent matriarchal society. It came into the possession of the Turks in A.D. 1392. The main characteristic of those early inscriptions--a feature which makes them difficult to recognize--is their suppression as a rule of anything that looked overtly Christian, with the object of avoiding the notice of persons who might induce the Roman officials to take measures against their dedicators. John's Revelation to the 7 Churches of Asia Cappadocia, which has miraculous volcanic formations, was a place where monks flocked. :The Christian inscriptions begin earliest in Phrygia, where we find many documents dating from the end of the 2nd and beginning of the 3rd centuries AD. Lydian Silver StaterMark Cartwright (CC BY-NC-SA). Mitchell, Samuel Augustus 1875 1:5 000 000 Asia Minor. A special class called hieroi performed special functions (probably for a period only) in the temple service. It was the seat of one of the "seven churches" (Revelation 3:7-12). According to the historian Philo of Byzantium (writing in 225 BCE) and later writers, Asia Minor was the site of two of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World: The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus (in the region of Ionia) and the Tomb of Mausolus at Halicarnassus (also known as the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, in Caria). This is a collection of 283 beautiful historical maps of Asia Minor (including the Armenian Highlands), the Caucasus, Iran, and neighboring lands including the Aegean Basin, the Levant, and northern Africa, from around 1500 B.C. %97 of Turkey is situated on the Asia in other words Anatolia. Asia in the Bible Encyclopedia - ISBE Asia Minor in the First Century AD. Gran Turismo 7 VR's lifelike cabin visuals and physics often feel like I'm taking an actual sports car for a joyride down the Deep Forest Raceway or through Tokyo's Central Circuit . The Roman empire in the time of Hadrian(ruled 117-138 AD), showing, in western Anatolia, the senatorial provinceof Asia(southwestern Turkey). I plan to produce a series of short video diaries documenting my travel experiences in your unique and historical country. The influence of the church on Asia Minor in the early centuries of the Empire may be judged from the fact that scarcely a trace of the Mithraic religion, the principal competitor of Christianity, has been found in the whole country. We will continue to tell the story of Asia Minor in eight titles. The villages in which these workers lived were an inseparable adjunct of the temple, and the priests (or a single priest-dynast) were the absolute rulers of the people. Map of Asia Minor and the adjacent Mediterranean lands in Roman times. Lydia was the kingdom of the great King Croesus (r. 560-546 BCE) who defied the Persian Achaemenid Empire under Cyrus the Great (r.c. We will mention each of the civilizations that lived in Anatolia starting from the Bronze Age. Elsewhere, and especially in the cities, new temples were founded for the worship of the emperor. A Christian church was established there at an early day, and was one . Banks. Central Anatolia region is the more semi-arid area of the Anatolian plateau with high rates of soil erosion due to overgrazing. 1. FBX 2014. The Temple of Artemis in Ephesus, Yazilikaya in Hattusa, and Mount Nemrut in Adiyaman were cultural centers whose fame spread beyond Anatolia. Map Store - Download High-Res Maps and Images, 2023, Bible History | All rights reserved. Colossae The Tell Colossae was located 120 miles (193 km) east of Ephesus in the Lycus River Valley in ancient Phrygia, part of the Roman territory of Asia Minor. Tallis, J. Photo by Karrie Sparrow. Ruins of churches belonging to the Byzantine period are found all over the peninsula; they are especially numerous in the central and eastern districts. Phokaia, located in the west on the Anatolia map, is now a wonderful holiday town. Thus, the Roman cult, which would last a thousand years through Eastern Rome, lived in Anatolia. JC. Pontus, on the north of the Anatolia map, was the hometown of Mithridates IV, who fought fierce battles with the Romans. While Alexander's Empire collapsed soon after the untimely death of the 32-years-old ruler, the Hellenistic World, Alexander's greatest legacy, remained. Seljuk Sultanate, which existed from the 1070s to 1300s, was disintegrated due to Mongolian pressure from the east. After 133 BCE, Rome steadily conquered or annexed the cities of Asia Minor until it was wholly a Roman province. At the tip of Greece on this map, near the southeastern shore of the Black Sea, you can see Byzantium, or Constantinople, after Emperor Constantine set up his city there. Asia Minor is the most western region of Asia and is the largest section of modern Turkey. At this time, "Asia" designated the provinces of only western Anatolia. This society is typical of many others whose existence in inner Asia Minor has come to light in recent years; it was those societies which fostered the cult of the emperor on its local as distinct from its provincial side (see ASIARCH), and it was chiefly those societies that set the machinery of the Roman law in operation against the Christians in the great persecutions. Battle of the Granicus (334 BCE): Alexander the Great's Persian Gamble. This accounts for "the marvelous and electrical effect that is attributed in Acts to the preaching of the Apostle in Galatia" (Ramsay, Cities and Bishoprics of Phrygia, 96). Western & Southern Asia. Asia has both the highest and the lowest points on the . Each letter, as proclaimed by Jesus and recorded by John the Apostle, declares the triumphs and failings of the recipient churches and warns each congregation to repent. These seven cities were located in the Roman province of Asia, modern day western Asia Minor/Turkey. All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions 2023 worldatlas.com, The Nine Biodiversity Hotspots Of South East Asia And Asia-Pacific. Miletus is the place where Isidore of Miletus, one of the architects of Hagia Sophia, was born and raised. See map of Ancient Anatolia in 200 CE. The Native Social System:Under the Roman Empire, there was a continuous tendency to raise and absorb the Anatolian natives into Greek cities and Roman citizenship. Ancient Near East in Time of Patriarchs (2000-1550 BC) . Maps are essential for any serious Bible study. Very humid and rainy. It combined the theocratic form of government with institutions derived from a preexistent matriarchal society. We will continue to tell the story of Asia Minor in eight titles. Old Testament Overview - General survey of the Old Testament. The chasm that divided the religion from the educated life of the country became steadily wider and deeper. "In the country generally a higher type of society was maintained; whereas at the great temples the primitive social system was kept up as a religious duty incumbent on the class called Hieroi during their regular periods of service at the temple. The Hittites were the superpower of the region along with Ancient Egypt in the late bronze age. Required fields are marked *, Hello, I'm Serhat Engul. There is no specific information as to when Jews first reached Asia Minor, but it was probably not later than the sixth century B.C.E. World History Publishing is a non-profit company registered in the United Kingdom. The Greeks had always despised the excesses of the Asiatic religion, and the more advanced education of the Anatolian Greeks could not reconcile itself to a degraded cult, which sought to perpetuate the social institutions under which it had arisen, only under their ugliest and most degraded aspects. Following the Dorian Invasion, Greeks migrated to Asia Minor. Our latest articles delivered to your inbox, once a week: Our mission is to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. The city was addressed as one of the Seven Churches in the Book of Revelation (Rev 3:7 ff) and became an early seat of a bishop . Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms. Roman Empire Map - (This incident, called the Sack of Constantinople, happened during the fourth Crusade.). It is about 65 km long. Click on any of the map markers and more information about that place will pop up. In the earlier centuries of the Roman Empire these cities enjoyed a liberal measure of self-government. The modern Republic of Turkey was founded at the end of the war. Between 1250 and 1200 BCE the Sea Peoples invaded from the south, making incursions into Greece, harassing Egypt, and finally driving the Hittites from the region of Assuwa. Asia Minor is bordered by the Black Sea, Mediterranean Sea, the Aegean Sea, the Sea of Marmara and the Armenian highlands to the north, south, west, northwest and east respectively. . Add to Cart. However, you can recognize many of them as they evoke ancient names. Ancient cities of Anatolia have been identified with many things in history. Roman "Coloniae":Under the Roman Empire, we can trace a gradual evolution in the organization of the Greek cities toward the Roman municipal type. With the Greek cities came the Greek Pantheon, but the gods of Hellas did little more than add their names to those of the gods of the country. Asia Minor in the Bible, is a peninsula, a land surrounded by water on three sides. Anatolia (Asia Minor) Maps, History, Facts Anatolia maps prepared by history lovers will help us discover the history of Asia Minor. This included, in the ease of women, sometimes a service of chastity, sometimes one of ceremonial prostitution. The region of Asia Minor is regarded as the birthplace of coinage and the first to use coined money in trade; which of the kingdoms were the first to do this, however, is much disputed. that the province of Asia was really formed by Rome. 28 Feb 2023. Anatolia maps prepared by history lovers will help us discover the history of Asia Minor. In this article, you can find facts about the history of Anatolia, also known as Asia Minor, along with maps. You are free: to share - to copy, distribute and transmit the work; to remix - to adapt the work; Under the following conditions: attribution - You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. A detailed study of a Byzantine Christian town of Lycaonia, containing an exceptionally large number of churches, has been published by Sir W. M. Ramsay and Miss G. L. Bell: The Thousand and One Churches. Map of Middle East at 3500BC | TimeMaps Middle East 3500 BCE The first civilizations in world history, those of Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt, are emerging. Atlas Asia and surrounding area Maps Created using Biblemapper 3.0 Additional data from OpenBible.info Occurrences Acts 2:9 Parthians, Medes, Elamites, and people from Mesopotamia, Judea, Cappadocia, Pontus, Asia, A celebrated Ionian city situated at the head of a deep gulf on the western coast of Asia Minor, forty miles north by west of Ephesus. Acts 24:18 amid which certain Jews from Asia found me purified in the temple, not with a mob, nor with turmoil. Farther east, where the great temples still had much influence, the expansion of Christianity was slower, but in the 4th century Cappadocia produced such men as Basil and the Gregories. Then we see that the Ancient Greek culture became dominant. The Ottoman Empire, which expanded until the end of the 1600s, then entered a long period of decline. 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